Read the text and change the sentences as directed:-
(a) Very few insects are
as busy as a bee. (Comparative) (b) It is known as an industrious creature.
(Active) (c) It flies from flower to flower and collects honey. (Simple) (d) It
stores honey in the hive. (Passive) (e) In winter, it remains idle but it works
hard in spring. (Complex) It leads a disciplined life.
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Affirmative
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Negative
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Example
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Only/Alone
(person)
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None but
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A: Allah can alone help us.
N: None but Allah can help us.
A: Only the brave deserve the fair.
N: None but the brave deserve the fair.
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Only/ Alone (object)
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Nothing but
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A: Only the moon was visible.
N: Nothing but the moon was visible.
A: Only the soup was tasty.
N: Nothing but the soup was tasty.
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Must / have to/ has to
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Cannot but+
Cannot but+ verb in base form
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A: Man must submit to destiny.
N: Man cannot but submit to destiny.
A: He has to go there.
N: He cannot but go there.
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Must /
have
to/ has to
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Cannot help+ (verb + ing)
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A: Man must submit to destiny.
N: Man cannot help submitting to destiny.
A: He has to go there.
N: He cannot help going there.
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Only/Alone(number/age)
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Not more than/ Not
less than
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A: He is only thirteen.
N: He is not more than thirteen.
A: She has only two dolls.
She has not more than two dolls.
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Could/ Had to
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Could
not but + Verb
Could not help +
(Verb+ ing) |
A: He had to go there.
N: I could not but go there.
A: I
could laugh.
N: I
could not help laughing.
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Both....and/And
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Not only...but also
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A: Both Jony and Jhihad can do the work
N: Not only Jony but also Jhihad can do the work.
A: He ate eggs and vegetables.
N: He ate not only eggs and but also vegetables.
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Every/ All/ A.......+ Verb
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There is no....but
There
is no....who + Neg.
No/ Nobody/ No
one.....+ Opposite Verb
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A: Every mother loves her child.
N:There is no mother but loves her child.
A: A patriot loves his country.
N: There is no patriot who does not love his
country.
A: All loves flowers.
N: Nobody hates flowers.
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Always
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Never + Opposite
Word
|
A: They always remember us.
N: They never forget us.
A: Always speak the truth.
N: Never tell a lie.
A: I am always against smoking.
N: I am never in favour of smoking.
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As
soon as
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No sooner
had....than
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A: As soon as the thief saw the police, he ran away.
N: No sooner had the thief seen the police than the
ran away.
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Superlative Degree
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Positive Degree
|
A: Mount Everest is the highest peak of the world.
N: No other peak of the world is so high as the
Mount Everest.
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too....to
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so.....that
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A: He is too weak to walk.
N: He is so weak that he cannot walk.
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very/ Very much
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Neg. + at all
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A: He likes me very much.
N: He doesn’t dislike me at all.
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Rule
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Examples
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‘What’
is used for ‘Article’ (a/an) used before Adjective
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Asser:
It is a good news.
Excl:
What a good news!
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‘How’
is used for ‘Very’ used before Adjective
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Asser:
The place is very enchanting.
Excl:
How enchanting the place is!
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Active
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Passive
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Active: Dowry hampers the peace of the society.
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Passive:
The peace of the society is hampered by dowry.
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Active: His mother asked him for a glass of water.
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Passive:
He was asked for a glass of water by his mother.
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Passive
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Active
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Passive:
It is known as an industrious creature.
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Active: People/ we know it as an industrious
creature.
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Passive:
He was called wise Solomon.
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Active:
People called him wise Solomon.
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Simple
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Complex
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Compound
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Without + (Verb + ing)
Simple:
Without studying hard, you will fail.
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Negative If Clause/ Unless
Complex:
If you do not study hard, you will fail.
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Or
Compound:
Study hard or you will fail.
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By
+(verb +ing)
Simple: By eating a balanced diet
you can keep fit.
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Affirmative
If Clause
Complex: If you eat a balanced
diet, You can keep fit.
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And
Compound: Eat a balanced diet and keep fit.
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Despite/
in spite of
Simple: In spite of his poverty,he is honest .
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Though/
Although
Complex: Though/Although he is
poor, he is honest.
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But
Compound: He is poor but honest.
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Present Participle
(same subject)
Simple:
Going to his office, we found him absent.
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When/ as/ since
Complex:
When we went to his office, we found him absent.
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and
Compound:
We went to his office and we found him absent.
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Participle (Verb + ing)
Simple. Some people working in the field are
farmers.
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Relative Pronoun
(who, which, that ..)
Complex. Some people who are working in the field
are farmers.
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And
Compound. Some people are working in the field and
they are farmers.
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At the time of
Simple:
At the time of his waking up, it was raining.
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when/as /since
Complex:
When he woke up, it was raining.
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Subject ….and
Compound:
He woke up and it was raining.
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too.…..to
Simple:
He is too honest to accept bribe.
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So…that
Complex:
He is so honest that
he
can’t accept bribe.
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Very …..and
Compound:
He is very honest and he can’t accept bribe .
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too…+ for + object + to
Simple:
The load is too heavy for the porter to lift.
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So…. that
Complex:
The load is so heavy that the porter cannot lift.
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Very …and
Compound:
The load is very heavy and the porter cannot lift.
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to+ Verb/in order to + verb
Simple:
He studied hard to pass in the exam.
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So that ….can/ could …
Complex:
He studied hard so that he could pass in the exam.
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And … want to/wanted to
Compound:
He studied hard and wanted to pass in the exam.
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Besides +( v+ ing )
Simple:
Besides giving him money, I gave good advice.
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When/as / since
Complex:
When I gave him money, I gave him good advice.
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Not only ….but also
Compound:
I gave him not only money but also good advice.
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Because of
Simple:
Because of his illness, he was absent in the meeting.
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As/ since
Complex:
Since he was ill, he was absent in the meeting.
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and
Compound: He was ill, and absent in the meeting.
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As soon as
Simple:
As soon as we reached the stadium, the game began.
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No sooner…than/ hardly …when/ scarcely … when
Complex:
No sooner had we reached the stadium than the game began.
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And
Compound:
We reached the stadium and the game began.
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Sub + verb +Noun/ Adj./ Adv.
Simple. Health is wealth
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Relative Pronoun (that )
Complex. It is health which is wealth.
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and
Compound. It is health and that is wealth.
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Participle (cause & effect)
Simple.
Being sick, he could not attend the class
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As/Since/Because
Complex.
Since he was sick, he could not attend the class.
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And/so
Compound:
He was sick, so he could not attend the class.
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Appositive
Simple: Water, one of the important elements of the
environment, is polluted in many ways.
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Relative pronoun
Complex: Water which is one of the important
elements of the environment is polluted in many ways
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and
Compound:
Water is one of the important elements of the environment and it is polluted
in many ways.
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Adjective
Simple: An industrious boy is sure to prosper.
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Relative pronoun
Complex: The boy who is industrious sure to prosper.
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and
Compound: The boy is industrious and sure to prosper.
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Positive
Degree
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Comparative
Degree
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Superlative
Degree
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No other…
No
other boy in the class is as good as Tuhin.
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than any other
Tuhin
is better than any other boy in the class.
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The+ superlative degree
Tuhin
is the best boy in the class.
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Very few…
Very
few girls in the class are as beautiful as she.
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than most other/all other
She
is more beautiful than most other girls in the class.
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One of the
She
is one of the most beautiful girls in the class.
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a)
Chattogram is not as big as Dhaka.
b)
She is as good as her brother.
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a)
Dhaka is bigger than Chattogram.
b)
She is not better than her brother.
or
Her
brother is not better than she.
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Exercise on changing
sentences
Read the text and change the sentences as directed:-
01. (a) Very few insects are
as busy as a bee. (Comparative) (b) It is known as an industrious creature.
(Active) (c) It flies from flower to flower and collects honey. (Simple) (d) It
stores honey in the hive. (Passive) (e) In winter, it remains idle but it works
hard in spring. (Complex) It leads a disciplined life.
Solution:
(a)
A bee is busier than many other insects.
(b)
We know it as an
industrious creature.
(c)
It flies from flower to flower to collect honey.
(d)
Honey is stored in the hive by it.
(e)
Though in winter, it remains idle , it works hard in
spring.
02. (a) The humanoid robot,
Sophia is one of the newest sensations in the 1CT world. (Positive) (b)
Honourable Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina met Sophia at the inaugural ceremony of
the four-day-long digital world expo, (Passive) (c) The Hong Kong-based
robotics company developed Sophia one and a half year ago. (Complex) (d)
Wearing a yellow Jamdani top and skirt, the robot came on the stage. (Compound)
(e) What an enthusiasm the robot generated among the youth! (Assertive)
Solution:
a)
Very few sensations in the 1CT world are as new as the
humanoid robot, Sophia.
b)
Sophia was taken to meet Honourable Prime Minister Sheikh
Hasina at the inaugural ceremony of the four-day-long digital world expo.
c) It
was one and a half year ago when the Hong Kong-based robotics company developed
Sophia.
d)
The robot wear a yellow Jamdani top and skirt, and came
on the stage.
e)
The robot generated a great enthusiasm among the youth.
03. Frugality is a good
habit, (a) A man who is frugal does not like to spend money without reason.
(Simple) (b) The target of a frugal man is to save money for future. (Complex)
(c) Everyone should practise frugality to make a well planned family (Passive),
(d) A frugal man lives a solvent life (Negative), (e) A frugal man is happier
than a prodigal man (Positive).
Solution:
a)
A frugal man does not like to spend money without reason.
b)
The target of a man who is frugal is to save money for
future.
c)
Frugalityshould be practised to make a well planned
family.
d)
A frugal man does not live aninsolvent life.
e)
A prodigal man is not so happy asa frugal man.
04. (a) It was 1971 when
Bangladesh achieved independence. (Simple) (b) It is the most significant event
in the history of Bangladesh. (Comparative) (c) Our freedom fighters sacrificed
their lives for the independence of Bangladesh. (Complex) (d) It was a great
struggle for them. (Exclamatory) (e) We shall always remember them with pride.
(Compound)
Solution:
a)
Bangladesh achieved
independence in 1971.
b)
The event is more
significant than any other event in the history of Bangladesh.
c)
It is our freedom fighters
who sacrificed their lives for the independence of Bangladesh.
d)
What a struggle it was for
them!
e)
We shall always remember
them and take pride in them.
05. We
are very much proud of our freedom fighters, (a) They fought for the country
with a patriotic zeal, (compound) (b) They are the most courageous sons of our
nation, (positive) (c) Everybody admires and respects them greatly, (passive).
(d) Nobody denies their contribution to their motherland, (interrogative) (e)
They will never be forgotten by their countrymen to the end. (affirmative)
Solution:
a)
They had a patriotic zeal and fought for the country with
it.
b)
No other sons of our nation are as courageous as they.
c)
They are admired and respectedgreatly.
d)
Who denies their contribution to their motherland?
e)
They will always be remembered by their countrymen to the
end.
06. (a) Some essential
agricultural inputs are to be ensured to increase our food production. (Active)
(b) The farmers who are poor do not get loans on easy terms. (Simple) (c) What
a pity! (Assertive) (d) The farmers do not get the facilities necessary for food
production. (Complex) (e) Unfortunately, they do not get the due price of their
products. (Compound)
Solution:
a)
We are to ensure some essential agricultural inputs to
increase our food production.
b)
The poor farmers do not get loans on easy terms.
c)
It is a great
pity.
d)
The farmers do not get the facilities that are necessary
for food production.
e)
They do not get the due price of their products and it is
unfortunate.
07.
(a) Long, long ago there was a king who was very wise.
(simple) (b) People called him wise Solomon. (passive) (c) Actually at that
time he was the wisest of all. (Make it comparative) (d) There was another
ruler also named Queen of Sheba. (complex) (e) One day she thought Solomon's
wisdom should not remain untested. (affirmative)
Solution:
a)
Long, long ago there was a very wiseking.
b)
He was called wise Solomon.
c)
Actually at that time he was wiser than anyone.
d)
There was also another ruler whose name was Queen of
Sheba.
e)
One day she thought Solomon's wisdom should be tested.
08. (a) Most of the people of
our country are living in the rural areas. (interrogative) (b) They are peace
loving. (Make it complex) (c) They are more patriotic and industrious.
(positive) (d) They love their motherland profoundly. (passive) (e) Although they
are insolvent, they do not adopt any unfair means to become rich overnight.
(simple)
Solution:
a)
Aren’t most of the people of our country living in the
rural areas?
b)
They are the people who love peace.
c)
No one is so patriotic and industrious as they.
d)
Their motherland is loved profoundly by them.
e)
Despite theirinsolvency, they do not adopt any unfair
means to become rich overnight.
09. (a) Jim and Della sacrificed their dearest
possessions in order to buy Christmas presents for each other. (Compound) (b) Della
had an ardent desire to give her husband a worthy gift. (Complex) (c) Jim also
thought how he could give his wife a nice gift. (Simple) (d) Della saved a
scanty amount of money for this. (Passive) (e) Jim was one of the sincerest
husbands that we have ever known. (Positive)
Solution:
a)
Jim and
Della sacrificed their dearest possessions and bought Christmas presents for
each other.
b) Della had an ardent desire that was
to give her husband a worthy gift.
c) Jim also thought of giving his wife a
nice gift.
d) A scanty amount of money was saved by
Della for this.
e)
Very
few husbands that we have ever known were as sincere as Jim.
10. (a) Water, an important vital element of
environment, is polluted in various ways, (complex) It is called life, (b) The
water which is pure is necessary for us. (simple) (c) Men pollute water by
throwing waste in it. (compound) (d) The farmers use water in time of
cultivation largely, (passive) (e) It is one of the most important elements of
all living beings, (positive)
Solution:
(a)
Water which is an important
vital element of environment, is polluted in various ways.
(b)
Pure water is necessary for
us.
(c)
Men throw waste in water
and pollute it.
(d)
Water is used in time of
cultivation largely by the farmers.
(e)
Very few elements of all
living beings are so/ as important as it.
11. (a) Pahela Baishakh is undoubtedly the most celebrated
festival in Bangladesh. (Complex) (b) It is the first day of the Bengali year
when the city roads get so jam packed. (Simple) (c) Almost everyone enjoys the
day in his own way. (Passive) (d) Although I do not like gathering, I enjoy the
activities of this day. (Compound), (e) It is one of the most interesting days
of the year. (Positive)
Solution:
(a)
It is Pahela
Baishakh which is undoubtedly the most celebrated festival in Bangladesh.
(b)
During the first
day of the Bengali year, the city roads get so Jam packed.
(c)
The day is enjoyed
by almost everyone in his own way.
(d)
I do not like
gathering but I enjoy the activities of this day.
(e)
Very few days of
the year are so interesting as it.
12. (a) Cricket is a very
exciting game. (exclamatory) (b) People of all ages enjoy this game. (passive)
(c) At present cricket is the most popular game in our country. (comparative)
(d) Though cricket is a costly game, people of all classes enjoy playing it. (simple)
(e) Bangladesh is a test playing country but its standard is not high.
(complex)
Solution:
(a)
What an exciting game cricket is!
(b)
This game is enjoyed by people of all ages.
(c)
At present, cricket is more popular than any other game
in our country.
(d)
In spite of being a costly game, people of all classes
enjoy playing cricket.
(e)
Though Bangladesh is a test playing country, its standard
is not high.
13. No
person can be happy without friends. So, (a) everybody wants friends.
(Negative) (b) The heart is formed for love and cannot be happy without the
opportunity of giving and receiving love. (Complex) (c) But you cannot find
others to love you unless you love them. (Simple) (d) You cannot be happy
without it. (Interrogative) So (e) as love is divine, everybody wants to love.
(Compound)
Solution:
(a)
Who does not want friends? Or,
There is nobody but wants friend.
(b)
As the heart is formed for love, it
cannot be happy without the opportunity of giving and receiving love.
(c)
But you cannot find others to love
you without loving them.
(d)
Can you be happy without it?
(e)
Love is divine and so everybody wants
to love.
14. The Tajmahal, the unique
tomb is the 7th wonder of the world, (a) It was three hundred years
ago since emperor Shah Jahan built the Taj. (Simple) (b) As he loved his wife
Mamtaj very much, he built it as a tomb of his dear wife. (Compound) (c) The
building was made with fine white marbles. (Active) (d) It rests on a platform
of red stone, therefore. it looks very nice. (Complex) (e) The Tajmahal is one
of the most beautiful buildings in the world. (Positive) Many tourists come
here to enjoy the scenery of the Taj.
Solution:
(a)
Emperor Shah Jahan built
the Taj three hundred years ago.
(b)
He loved his wife Mamtaj
very much and so he built it as a tomb of his dear wife.
(c)
The builder made the
building with fine white marbles.
(d)
As it rests on a platform
of red stone, it looks very nice.
(e)
Very few buildings in the
world are so beautiful as the Tajmahal.
15. (a) The Chinese put a lot
of emphasis on the unity of the family. (Passive) (b) The parks are crowded.
(Negative) (c) There are lots of clean parks in the cities. (Compound) (d) In
the evening many families watch television and spend their free time. (Simple)
(e) Life becomes dull without recreation. (Complex)
Solution:
(a)
A lot of emphasis is put on the unity by the Chinese.
(b)
The parks are not empty.
(c)
There are lots of parks in the cities and they are clean.
(d)
In the evening many families watch television to spend
their free time. Or, In the evening many families spend their free time by
watching television.
(e)
Life is dull if there is no recreation. Or, Life becomes
dull if it has no recreation.
16. (a) Anger is nothing but
a vice. (Interrogative) (b) It is compared to flame. It begets only the worst.
(Negative) (c) So we should control it for our sake. (Passive) (d) He who is
taken by anger causes a lot of troubles. (Simple) (e) Realising it we should
try to be emotionally balanced. (Compound)
Solution:
(a)
Is anger anything but a vice?
(b)
It begets nothing but the worst.
(c)
So it should be controlled for our sake.
(d)
A man taken by anger causes a lot of troubles.
(e)
We should realize it and try to be emotionally balanced.
17. (a)
Bayazid Bostami was one of the greatest saints of Islam. (Positive) (b) One
night, while reading, his mother asked him for a glass of water. (Passive) (c)
There was no drinking water in the house, so he went out to fetch it. (Complex)
(d) When he came back, he found his mother sleeping. (Compound) (e) Thus what
he showed was a great love and respect to his mother. (Simple)
Solution:
(a)
Very few saints of Islam are as great
as Bayazid Bostami.
(b)
One night, while reading, he was
asked for a glass of water by his mother.
(c)
As there was no drinking water in the
house, he went out to fetch it.
(d)
He came back and found his mother
sleeping.
(e)
Thus he showed a great love and
respect to his mother.
18. (a) Cricket is a very
exciting game. (Exclamatory) (b) People of all ages enjoy this game. (Passive)
(c) At present cricket is the most popular game in our country. (Positive) (d)
Bangladesh is one of the weakest Test Playing Countries. (Comparative) So, most
of the people do not like watching test cricket, (e) They are fond of watching
"Twenty-twenty" cricket. (Interrogative)
Solution:
(a)
What an exciting game cricket is!
(b)
This game is enjoyed by people of all ages.
(c)
At present no other game in our country is as popular as
cricket.
(d)
Bangladesh is weaker than most other Test Playing
countries.
(e)
Aren't they fond of watching 'twenty-twenty' cricket?
19. (a) Cox's Bazar sea-beach is the largest sea-beach in the
world. (Complex) (b) It is one of the most beautiful sea-beaches in the world.
(Positive) (c) It is called pleasure seekers' paradise. (Active) (d) The
visitors go there to enjoy natural beauties. (Compound) (e) Those who become
tired may go to relax there. (Simple)
Solution:
(a)
The sea-beach which is the longest in the world is Cox's
Bazar sea-beach.
(b)
Very few sea-beaches in the world are as beautiful as it.
(c)
People call it pleasure seekers' paradise.
(d)
The visitors want to enjoy natural beauties and so they go
there.
(e)
The tired persons may go to relax there.
20.
(a) English is more used than any other language.
(Positive) (b) Organizations frequently need employees who have a good command
of English. (Simple) (c) An English knowing man can earn better salary.
(Passive) (d) English is spoken all over the world. (Active) (e) We should
learn English to make a room for us in the competitive world. (Complex)
Solution:
(a)
No
other language is so used as English.
(b)
Organisations
frequently need employees having a good command of English.
(c)
Better
salary can be earned by an English knowing man.
(d)
People
all over the world speak English.
(e)
We
should learn English so that we may make a room for us in the competitive
world.
21. (a) Jerry was a small boy
who lived in the orphanage. (Simple) (b) He was the strongest of all the boys.
(Positive) He used to cut wood for the writer, (c) He also did some unnecessary
things for her. (Passive) (d) His mother visited him at the orphanage in
autumn. (Complex) (e) One morning the writer was awakened by the sound of his
tapping on the door. (Active) She did not say anything, though she was
disturbed.
Solution:
(a)
Jerry was a small boy living in the orphanage.
(b)
No other boy is so strong as he.
(c)
Some unnecessary things were also done for her by him.
(d)
His mother visited him at the orphanage when it was
autumn.
(e)
One morning the sound of his tapping on the door woke the
writer.
22. (a) Once Taimur attacked
the province of a powerful prince. (Passive) (b) He entered the kingdom of the
prince and captured a large village. (Simple) (c) As soon as the prince heard
the news, he came with a large army. (Negative) (d) The village was surrounded
on all sides. (Active) (e) Taimur disguised himself as a poor traveler to
survive. (Complex)
Solution:
(a)
Once the province of a powerful prince was attacked by
Taimur.
(b)
Entering the kingdom of the prince he captured a large
village.
(c)
No sooner had the prince heard the news than he came with
a large army.
(d)
They surrounded the village on all sides.
(e)
Taimur disguised himself as a poor traveller so that he
could survive.
23. (a)
Cricket is a very exciting game. (Complex) (b) People all over the world enjoy
this game very much. (Passive) (c) At present, cricket is one of the most
popular games in our country. (Comparative) (d) Though it is a very costly
game, young men and children get a great deal of delight playing it. (Compound)
(e) The Bangladesh Cricket Team is progressing very rapidly. (Exclamatory)
Solution:
(a)
Cricket is a game which is very
exciting.
(b)
This game is enjoyed very much by
people all over the world.
(c)
At present, cricket is more popular
than most other games in our country.
(d)
It is a very costly game but young men and
children get a great deal of delight playing it.
(e)
How rapidly The Bangladesh Cricket
Team is progressing!
24. (a) Health is wealth. (Complex) (b) A healthy poor man is
happier than a sick moneyed man (Positive) (c) When a healthy man is an asset
to his family, an unhealthy man is a liability. (Compound) (d) He can succeed
in life. (Interrogative) (e) Everybody must be conscious of health. (Negative)
Solution:
(a)
It is
health which is wealth.
(b)
A sick
moneyed man is not as happy as a healthy poor man.
(c)
A
healthy man is an asset to his family but an unhealthy man is a liability.
(d)
Can't
he succeed in life?
(e)
Nobody
can but be conscious of health.
25. Mobile
phone is one of the greatest inventions. (Positive) (b) Scientists believe that
mobile phone cause brain tumour. (Compound) (c) Millions of people are getting
benefits from mobile phone but most are unaware of the danger of it. (Complex)
(d) The consumers of mobile phones are increasing day by day. (Interrogative)
(e) But the children are affected much by mobile phones. (Active)
Solution:
(a)
Very few inventions are so great as
mobile phone.
(b)
Mobile-phones cause brain Tumour and
scientists believe it.
(c)
Though millions of people are getting
benefits from mobile phones, most are unaware of the danger of it.
(d)
Aren't the consumers of mobile phones
increasing day by day?
(e)
But mobile phone affects the children
much.
26. Our parliament House at
Sher-e-Bangla Nagar in Dhaka is a triumph of modern architecture and
technology. (Complex) (b) A famous American architect Louis I Kahn, designed
this magnificent building. (Passive) (c) It is one of the largest parliament
buildings. (Positive) (d) As it is a highly complex structure its annual
maintenance cost is about 50 million Taka. (Simple) (e) It is very difficult
for a poor country like Bangladesh to bear this high expense. (Negative)
Solution:
(a)
Our Parliament House that is located at Sher-e-Bangla
Nagar in Dhaka is a triumph of modern architecture and technology.
(b)
This magnificent building was designed by a famous
American architect Louis I Kahn.
(c)
Very few parliament buildings are as large as it.
(d)
Because of being a highly complex structure, its annual
maintenance cost is about 50 million taka.
(e)
It is not easy for a poor country like Bangladesh to bear
this high expense.
27. (a) Once a cook roasted a duck for his master.
(Positive) (b) The roast looked so delicious that he could not resist his
temptation. (Simple) So, he ate one of the drumsticks. (c) As soon as the
master sat down to eat, he noticed the missing leg. (Negative) (d) He asked him
about the missing leg. (Complex) (e) It is quite impossible to convince anybody
with an implausible answer. (Exclamatory)
Solution:
(a)
Once a duck was roasted by a cook for his master.
(b)
The roast looked too delicious for him to resist his
temptation.
(c)
No sooner had the master sat down to eat than he noticed
the missing leg.
(d)
He asked him about the leg which was missing.
(e)
How impossible it is to convince anybody with implausible
answer!
28. The
old sailor shot the Albatross. (Passive) (b) At this the sailors were very
angry with him. (Negative) (e) Their throats were dry and they could not speak.
(Complex) (d) Since the old sailor killed the bird, he brought bad luck to the
sailors. (Simple) (e) It was a very unlucky day. (Exclamatory)
Solution:
(a)
The Albatross was shot by the old
sailor.
(b)
At this the sailors were not at all
pleased with him.
(c)
As their throats were dry, they could
not speak.
(d)
Killing the bird, the old sailor
brought bad luck to the sailors.
(e)
What an unlucky day it was!
29. A true friend is an
asset. (Complex) (b) He helps his friend when he is in danger. (Simple) (c) He
does not leave his friend. (Affirmative) (d) A true friend is hardly found.
(Active) (e) He is as good as an honest man. (Comparative)
Solution:
(a)
A friend who is true is an asset.
(b)
He helps his friend in danger.
(c)
He stays with his friend.
(d)
We hardly find a true friend.
(e)
An honest man is not better than he.
30. Water, a vital element of
environment, is polluted in different ways. (Complex) (b) People pollute water
by throwing waste into it. (Compound) Farmers use chemical fertilizers and
insecticides in their fields. (c) Mills and factories pollute water awfully.
(Exclamatory) (d) Water vehicles pollute rivers when they dump oil, food waste
and human waste into them (Interrogative) (e) Thus water is contaminated by
various kinds of waste and filth. (Active)
Solution:
(a)
Water which is a vital element of environment is polluted
in various ways.
(b)
People throw waste into water and thus pollute it.
(c)
How awfully mills and factories pollute water!
(d)
Don't water vehicles pollute rivers when they dump oil
food waste and human waste into them?
(e)
Thus various kinds of waste and filth contaminate water.
31. Anger is nothing but a
vise. (a) It begets only the worst. (Negative) (b) Anger is one of the most
inhuman vices. (Positive) (c) So, we should control it for our own sake.
(Passive) (d) He who is taken by anger causes a lot of troubles. (Simple) (e)
Realising it, we should try to be emotionally balanced. (Complex)
Solution:
(a)
It begets nothing but the worst.
(b)
Very few vices are so inhuman as anger.
(c)
So it should be controlled for our own sake.
(d)
A person taken by anger causes a lot of troubles.
(e)
When we realize it, we should try to be emotionally
balanced.
32. My friend invited me to
pay a visit to Cox’s Bazar. (Interrogative) (b) I gladly accepted the
invitation. (Passive) (c) When I reached there my friend received me cordially.
(Compound) (d) I was very glad to see the sea-beach. (Exclamatory) (e) It was
one of the most memorable journeys in my life. (Positive)
Solution:
(a)
Didn't my friend invite me to pay a visit to Cox's Bazar?
(b)
The invitation was accepted gladly by me.
(c)
I reached there and my friend received me cordially.
(d)
How glad I was to see the sea-beach!
(e)
Very few Journeys in my life were as memorable as it.
33. (a) The birds that come to our country in
winter are called migratory birds. (Simple) (b) In winter the weather is too
cold for them to live in the North. (Complex) (c) They find a better shelter in
Bangladesh. (Passive) (d) We must protect them. (Negative) (c) Migratory birds
run faster than the dove. (Positive)
Solution:
(a)
The birds coming to our country in winter are called
migratory birds.
(b)
In winter the weather is so cold for them that they
cannot live in the North.
(c)
A better shelter is found in Bangladesh by them.
(d)
We cannot but protect them.
(e)
The dove does not run as fast as migratory birds.
34. (a) Day to day life in Dhaka is expensive.
(Negative) (b) People living below the poverty line lead a miserable life.
(Complex) (c) Price hike is one of the biggest problems for them. (Positive)
(d) The government has taken necessary measures to keep the price hike under
control. (Passive) (e) The people who are greedy, are responsible for price
spiral. (Simple)
Solution:
(a)
Day to day life in Dhaka is not inexpensive.
(b)
People who live below the poverty line lead a miserable
life.
(c)
Very few problems for them are as big as price hike.
(d)
Necessary measures have been taken by the government to
keep the price hike under control.
(e)
The greedy people are responsible for price spiral.
35. Child labour is a great
problem in our country. (a) In fact, it is one of the biggest curses.
(Positive) It is the violation of human rights. (b) Unfortunately, this has
been accepted in our society (Complex). (c) In a family of five or six
children, the parents have to send some of their kids to work so that they can
fill their empty stomachs. (Simple) (d) Though these poor children have to work
hard all day long, in return they are rewarded with all kinds of abuses.
(Compound) (e) Child labour should be stopped. (Passive)
Solution:
(a)
In fact, very few curses are so big as it.
(b)
It is unfortunate that this has been accepted in our
society.
(c)
In a family of five or six children, the parents have to
send some of their kids to work in order to fill their empty stomachs.
(d)
These poor children have to work hard all day long but in
return they are rewarded with all kinds of abuses.
(e)
We should stop child labour.
36. Nelson Mandela was the
greatest leader of South Africa. (Comparative) (b) All his life, he struggled
against apartheid. (Compound) (c) The blacks were not treated kindly.
(Affirmative) (d) The blacks were subjected to all sorts of indignities.
(Complex) (e) The great leader vowed so that he could put an end to this
inhuman practice. (Simple)
Solution:
(a)
Nelson Mandela was greater than any other leader of South
Africa.
(b)
All his life he struggled and his struggle was against
apartheid.
(c)
The blacks were treated cruelly.
(d)
It was the blacks who were subjected to all sorts of
indignities.
(e)
The great leader vowed to put an end to this inhuman
practice.
37. Rabindranath, the 14th
child of Debendranath wrote his first verse at the age of eight. (a) When he
was seventeen years old, he was sent for studies (Simple). (b) He described
London as a dismal city (Passive), (c) Though he was happy in Brighton, a
friend of the family persuaded his brother to send him to London (Compound).
(d) He was lucky to get a friendly English family (Complex). (e) Rabindranath
is one of the greatest poets in the world (Positive). In 1880, Rabindranth was
called back to India.
Solution:
(a)
At the age of seventeen, he was sent for studies.
(b)
London was described as a dismal city by him.
(c)
He was happy in Brighton but a friend of the family
persuaded his brother to send him to London.
(d)
He was lucky as/ because/ that he got a friendly English
family.
(e)
Very few poets in the world are so great as Rabindranath
Tagore.
38. (a) Rohingya crisis is
one of the most alarming problem in the world. (Positive) (b) Although they are
real inhabitants of Myanmar, they are now being tyrannized by the govt. and the
army of Myanmar. (Simple) (c) The army of Myanmar killed thousand of people.
(Passive) (d) The Govt. of Myanmar is trying to rule out the genocide to avoid
global pressure. (Complex) (e) Many people wanted to save their lives,
therefore, they entered into Bangladesh. (Complex)
Solution:
(a)
Very few problems in the world are so alarming as
Rohingya crisis.
(b)
In spite of being real inhabitants of Myanmar, they are
now being tyrannized by the govt. and the army of Myanmar.
(c)
Thousand of people were killed by the army of Myanmar.
(d)
The govt. of Myanmar is trying to rule out the genocide so
that they can avoid global pressure.
(e)
Many people entered into Bangladesh so that they can save
their lives.
39. World Health Organization
identifies adolescences as the period of human growth and development.
(Passive) (b) Besides having physical and sexual maturation, the adolescents
want social and economic independence. (Compound) (c) This time they acquire
the skills needed to carry out adult relationship. (Complex) (d) Behaviour
patterns that are established during this period may have long-lasting effects
on future health. (Simple) (e) The adults have unique opportunities to
influence adolescents. (Interrogative)
Solution:
(a)
Adolescence is identified by World/Health Organization as
the period of human growth and development.
(b)
Adolescents have physical and sexual maturation and they
want social and economic independence.
(c)
This time they acquire the skills that are needed to
carry out adult relationship.
(d)
Behaviour patterns established during this period may
have long lasting effects on future health.
(e)
Don’t the adults have unique opportunities to influence
adolescents?
40.
(a) Anne Frank is
perhaps the most well-known victim of the Nazi Holocaust (Positive). (b) She
was given a diary in which she chronicled her life from 1942 to 1944 (simple):
((c) During this time, Anne spent two years in hiding (passive), (d) She Was
sent to Bergeri-Belseh Concentration Camp for, she was betrayed and discovered
(complex), (e) Notwithstanding being killed, her name remains undying
(compound)
Solution:
(a)
No other victim of the Nazi Holocaust is
perhaps as well- known as Anne Frank.
(b)
In a given a diary, she chronicled her life
from 1942 to 1944.
(c)
During this time, two years were spent by
Anne in hiding.
(d)
She was sent to Bergen-Belsen Concentration
Cam when/as she was betrayed and discovered.
(e)
She was killed but her name remains undying.
41.
Hospitality has long
been a part of our culture in Bangladesh, (a) Although many other things are changing now, people are still quite polite and
friendly. (Compound) (b)They
like speaking to foreigners. (Passive) (c) It is quite common for Bangladeshis
to ask personal questions. (Complex) (d) Though they ask personal questions,
there is no harm in it. (Simple) (e) Hospitality is one of the most important
parts of our culture. (Comparative)
Solution:
(a)
Many other things are changing now but people
are still quite polite and friendly.
(b)
Speaking to foreigners is liked by them.
(c)
It is quite common for Bangladeshi that they
will ask personal questions.
(d)
In spite of their asking personal questions,
there is no harm in it.
(e)
Hospitality is more important than most other
parts of our culture.
42. (a) Trees are considered one of
our best friend. (Active) (b) But by destroying trees we are creating danger.
(Compound) (c) Deforestation is one of the biggest problems in our country.
(Positive) (d) To save nature we must protect forests. (Negative) (e) If we do
not save forests, our life will be in danger. (Simple)
Solution:
(a)
We consider trees
our best friends.
(b)
But we are
destroying trees and thus we are creating danger.
(c)
Very few problems
in our country are so/ as big as deforestation.
(d)
To save nature we
cannot but protect forests.
(e)
Without having
forests our life will be in danger.
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